Understanding LPS Coral Feeding Mechanisms
Large Polyp Stony, or LPS, corals are captivating additions to any reef aquarium. Their fleshy polyps, vibrant colors, and diverse shapes draw hobbyists of all levels. However, maintaining these beautiful corals in a thriving state requires more than just pristine water conditions and adequate lighting. Proper feeding is paramount for their health, growth, and the intensity of their coloration. This article serves as a comprehensive guide to successfully feeding your LPS corals, ensuring they flourish within your reef tank environment. Understanding the nutritional needs of these captivating creatures is the key to unlocking their full potential. Supplying appropriate food for LPS corals goes beyond aesthetics; it’s fundamental to their overall well-being.
LPS corals, in their natural habitat, employ a dual feeding strategy. They are photosynthetic, meaning they house symbiotic algae called zooxanthellae within their tissues. These zooxanthellae utilize light to produce energy, which the coral then uses. This symbiotic relationship provides a significant portion of their nutritional needs. However, in the confines of a closed aquarium system, relying solely on photosynthesis is often insufficient. Aquarium lighting, while advanced, may not always perfectly replicate the intensity and spectrum of natural sunlight. Furthermore, the density of zooxanthellae within the coral’s tissues can fluctuate, impacting the amount of energy produced.
LPS corals are also capable of capturing food particles directly from the water column. They possess tentacles armed with stinging cells called nematocysts, which they use to immobilize and capture small organisms. This heterotrophic feeding allows them to supplement their energy intake, obtain essential nutrients not readily available through photosynthesis, and contribute to the vivid coloration that makes them so desirable. Different species of LPS corals exhibit varying feeding behaviors; some are more aggressive feeders, readily grabbing at any available food, while others are more passive and require smaller particle sizes. Determining what food for LPS corals you keep is ideal, is key.
Therefore, supplemental feeding is crucial for maintaining healthy, vibrant LPS corals in your reef aquarium. It ensures they receive the necessary nutrients to support growth, tissue repair, and the production of pigments that contribute to their stunning colors. Neglecting this essential aspect of reef keeping can lead to weakened corals, increased susceptibility to disease, and a gradual decline in their overall health.
Exploring the Different Types of Food for LPS Corals
Providing the right food for LPS requires an understanding of the options available. A variety of commercially prepared and live foods can be used to meet their nutritional requirements.
Prepared Foods
This category offers convenience and consistent nutrient content.
Pellets
These are widely available and come in various sizes and formulations. Choose pellets specifically designed for marine invertebrates, with ingredients like fish meal, krill meal, and spirulina. The size of the pellet should be appropriate for the size of your LPS polyps. Smaller pellets are easier for them to ingest.
Flakes
While less commonly used for LPS, some species will accept high-quality marine flake food. Look for flakes rich in protein and essential fatty acids.
Powdered Foods
These are finely ground foods that can be easily dispersed in the water column, making them suitable for smaller LPS colonies or when direct feeding isn’t feasible.
Frozen Foods
These are a staple in most reef tanks and offer a wide range of options for LPS corals.
Mysis Shrimp
This is arguably the most popular frozen food for LPS corals. It’s highly palatable and provides a good source of protein and essential amino acids.
Brine Shrimp
While a good source of protein, brine shrimp are relatively low in nutritional value unless enriched with vitamins and fatty acids. Use them in moderation as part of a varied diet.
Cyclops
These tiny crustaceans are ideal for smaller LPS species and coral larvae. They are a good source of essential fatty acids.
Rotifers
Similar to cyclops, rotifers are beneficial for smaller LPS or as part of a mixed diet.
Blended Frozen Mixes
Many commercially available frozen mixes are specifically formulated for reef tanks, containing a blend of ingredients to meet the nutritional needs of various invertebrates, including LPS corals. Choose a blend with a variety of protein sources, algae, and vitamins.
Liquid Foods
Coral Aminos
These are amino acid supplements that can enhance coral coloration and growth.
Phytoplankton
While not a direct food source for all LPS, phytoplankton can benefit the overall reef ecosystem by providing food for LPS favorite snacks: copepods and rotifers.
Live Foods
Live foods offer the advantage of being highly nutritious and stimulating a natural feeding response in LPS corals.
Brine Shrimp (Newly Hatched)
Newly hatched brine shrimp are an excellent source of protein and essential fatty acids. They are relatively easy to culture at home.
Rotifers
As mentioned earlier, rotifers are a great food for LPS with smaller polyps.
Copepods
These tiny crustaceans are a natural food source for many reef inhabitants, including LPS corals. They are also beneficial for the overall health of the reef ecosystem, acting as a clean-up crew and providing food for LPS that also enjoy them.
DIY Foods
It is possible to create your own coral food for LPS by blending together various seafoods like shrimp, fish, and squid. However, this approach requires careful attention to hygiene and nutrient balance. There is a risk of introducing contaminants into the aquarium and creating nutrient imbalances if the food is not properly prepared. Proceed with caution and research thoroughly before attempting to make your own coral food.
Mastering the Techniques for LPS Coral Feeding
Choosing the right food for LPS is only part of the equation; the feeding technique is equally important. Two primary methods are employed: target feeding and broadcast feeding.
Target Feeding
This involves delivering food for LPS directly to the individual polyps of the coral. This is the most efficient way to ensure that the coral receives the nutrients it needs, minimizing waste and reducing the risk of algae growth. Use a turkey baster, pipette, or syringe to gently squirt the food near the coral’s tentacles. The best time to target feed is usually after the lights have been off for an hour or two, or during the coral’s natural feeding response (when the polyps are extended). You can encourage a feeding response by gently agitating the water around the coral.
Broadcast Feeding
This involves releasing food for LPS into the water column, allowing the corals to capture it as it drifts by. This method is less precise than target feeding but can be useful for feeding larger colonies or when target feeding is not practical. Adjust the flow in your aquarium to ensure that the food for LPS reaches the corals. However, broadcast feeding can lead to increased nutrient levels and algae growth if not managed carefully. Consider using a reef tank doser to evenly disperse the food.
Creating a Feeding Schedule and Determining the Quantity
Establishing an appropriate feeding schedule and determining the correct amount of food for LPS is crucial for their health. Several factors influence feeding frequency, including the coral species, tank size, and water quality.
As a general guideline, feed your LPS corals two to three times per week. Adjust this frequency based on the coral’s response and water parameters. Signs of overfeeding include algae blooms and elevated nitrate and phosphate levels. Signs of underfeeding include pale coloration and receding tissue.
Start with small amounts of food for LPS and gradually increase the quantity until you observe a healthy feeding response without causing water quality issues. Observing your corals is the key to finding the perfect food for LPS and amounts.
Water Quality: A Critical Consideration
Maintaining optimal water parameters is essential for the health of your LPS corals and the success of your feeding efforts. Key parameters include alkalinity, calcium, and magnesium. Regularly test your water and make adjustments as needed to maintain these parameters within the recommended ranges.
Regular water changes are also important for removing excess nutrients and maintaining water quality. Perform water changes of ten to twenty percent every one to two weeks. A high-quality protein skimmer is also crucial for removing organic waste and preventing nutrient build-up. These practices support the successful absorption of food for LPS.
Avoiding Common Mistakes
Several common mistakes can hinder the success of your LPS coral feeding efforts.
Overfeeding As mentioned earlier, overfeeding can lead to algae blooms and elevated nutrient levels, which can harm your corals.
Using Poor-Quality Food Using expired or low-quality food can deprive your corals of essential nutrients and introduce contaminants into the aquarium. Only source food for LPS from reputable brands.
Neglecting Water Quality Poor water quality can stress your corals and make them less likely to feed.
Feeding the Wrong Type of Food for the Coral Different LPS species have different feeding preferences. Research the specific needs of your corals and choose food for LPS accordingly.
Not Observing the Coral’s Response to Feeding Pay close attention to your corals’ response to feeding. Are they actively capturing the food? Are they maintaining good coloration? Adjust your feeding regimen as needed.
In Conclusion
Proper feeding is essential for maintaining healthy, vibrant LPS corals in your reef aquarium. By understanding their nutritional needs, choosing the right food for LPS, mastering the feeding techniques, and maintaining optimal water quality, you can ensure that your corals thrive and display their full beauty.
Experiment with different foods and feeding schedules to find what works best for your specific corals. Consult with experienced reef keepers and do your research to stay informed about the latest advancements in LPS coral care. Prioritize water quality and observe your corals closely to identify any signs of stress or nutrient deficiencies. By following these guidelines, you can unlock the full potential of your LPS corals and create a stunning reef aquarium that will be the envy of all. Remember, consistent and informed effort in providing the appropriate food for LPS will reap rewards in the form of vibrant, healthy corals.
